Antenna Selection by Test Standards

IEEE Standard Method for Measuring the Effectiveness of Electromagnetic Shielding Enclosures

Abstract: Uniform measurement procedures and techniques are provided for determining the effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding enclosures at frequencies from 9 kHz to 18 GHz (extendable to 50 Hz and 100 GHz, respectively) for enclosures having no dimension less than 2.0 m. The types of enclosures covered include, but are not limited to, single-shield or double-shield structures of various construction, such as bolted demountable, welded, or integral with a building; and made of materials such as steel plate, copper or aluminum sheet, screening, hardware cloth, metal foil, or shielding fabrics.

Summary: MIL-STD-285 and the origination of IEEE Std 299 go back several decades. More recent versions of Std 299 maintained technically sound test methods, but required that all frequency ranges be applied when testing enclosures. Some frequency ranges were not available for testing at all.

The MIL-STD-285 method for evaluating shielding effectiveness was developed in the USA for military purposes, and was published in 1956. It is probably the most frequently referenced standard covering attenuation measurements for shielded enclosures within the frequency range of 14 kHz to 18 GHz.

Common Antenna requirements for testing shielding effectiveness of enclosures as specified in MIL-STD 285 or NSA 65-5. See our new AK-285R Antenna Kit, recieve antenna kit and our AK-285T Antenna Kit transmit antenna kit. Both antenna kits are a portable and economical approach to having all the antennas required for most shielding effectiveness testing.

Low Range (14 KHz - 20 MHz)
The small-loop method covers the 14 KHz - 20 MHz range usually splits into three ranges: 14 to 16 KHz, 140 to 160 KHz and 14 to 16 MHz bands.

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
1 KHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563B	Active 12" Loop Antenna
1 KHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563P	Passive 12" Loop Antenna

Midrange (300 MHz - 1 GHz) Dipole Measurements
usually split into two bands: 300 to 400 MHz and 850 to 1000 MHz

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
170 MHz - 340 MHz	FCC-3	Tunded Dipole Antenna
325 MHz - 1 GHz	FCC-4	Tuned Dipole Antenna
Alternative
290 MHz - 1 GHz	SAS-510-2	Log Periodic Antenna

High Range (1.7 to 18 GHz)

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
1.7 GHz to 2.6 GHz	SAS-581	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
2.6 GHz to 3.95 GHz	SAS-582	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
3.95 GHz to 5.85 GHz	SAS-583	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
5.85 GHz to 8.2 GHz	SAS-584	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
8.2 GHz to 12.4 GHz	SAS-585	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
12.4 GHz to 18 GHz	SAS-586	Standard Gain Horn Antenna
Alternative
700 MHz to 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridge Guide Horn Antenna

High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) protection for ground-based facilities performing critical, time-urgent misssions.

Abstract: This standard establishes minimum requirements and design objectives for high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) hardening of fixed1 ground-based facilities that perform critical, time-urgent command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C4I) missions. Facilities required to fully comply with the provisions of the standard will be designated by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a Military Department Headquarters, or a Major Command.

Transmit Antennas

Frequency Range	Antenna Model	Antenna Type
1 KHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563P	electrostatic shielded loop antenna
20 MHz - 300 MHz	SAS-544	Biconical Antenna, 300 W
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic Antenna

Receive Antennas

Frequency Range	Antenna Model	Antenna Type
1 KHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563B	Active loop antenna
20 MHz - 300 MHz	SAS-544	Biconical Antenna, 300 W
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic Antenna

Preamplifiers

Frequency Range	Antenna Model	Antenna Type
5 KHz - 300 MHz	PAM-5K300	Low Frequency Preamplifier
20 MHz - 2 GHz	PAM-0202	Preamplifier

Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment

Frequency Range	Antenna Model	Antenna Type
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
20 MHz - 300 MHz	SAS-543	Biconical, High Power, 1000 W
170 MHz - 3 GHz	SAS-570	Double Ridged Guide Horn
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
9 kHz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-1B	Active Monopole, Battery Power
100 Hz - 60 MHz	ECF-12K	Equivalent Capacitance Fixture
20 Hz - 2 MHz	SAS-560	Loop-Emission, per MIL-STD-461
10 KHz - 150 MHz	BCP-611	Monitoring Current Probe
10 KHz - 500 MHz	BCP-620	Monitoring Current Probe
10 KHz - 100 MHz	ICP-621	Injection Current Probe
1 MHz - 500 MHz	ICP-622	Injection Current Probe
20 Hz - 500 MHz	CPF-630	Current Probe Fixture

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations, mainly regarding unlicensed transmissions.

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
1 KHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563B	TActive Loop Antenna
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
290 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-510-2	Biconical, Folding
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	BiLogical
9 kHz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-1B	Active Monopole, Battery Power
20 MHz - 18 GHz	PAM-0118P	Preamplifier

TEMPEST is an unclassified short name referring to investigations and studies of unintentional intelligence-bearing signals.

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
100 Hz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-2B	Active Monopole Antenna
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-545	Biconical Antenna
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-547	Biconical Antenna
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic Antenna
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	Bilogical Antenna
20 MHz - 18 GHz	PAM-0118P	Preamplifier
18 GHz - 40 GHz	PAM-1840VH	Preamplifier

Emissions control in Japan is performed on a voluntary basis, under the supervision of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI)

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
290 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-510-2	Log Periodic Antenna
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	BiLogical Antenna
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn

The Comite International Special des Perturbations Radioelectriques or in English the International special committee on Radio Interference is best known by its abbreviation CISPR, is a special committee under the sponsorship of the International Electrotechnical Commissions (IEC).

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
30 MHz - 1 GHz	SAS-545	Biconical Antenna
1 GHz - 18 GHz	SAS-547	Biconical Antenna
170 MHz - 3 GHz	SAS-570	Double Ridged Guide Horn
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic Antenna
80 MHz - 4 GHz	SAS-517	Log Periodic Antenna
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	BiLogical Antenna
1 kHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563B	Active 12" Loop, Battery Power
9 kHz - 30 MHz	SAS-565H	Passive Shielded Loop

RTCA standard for certification of critical systems and equipment used in the conduct of air transportation. DO-160 Section 20 contains methods for RF conducted suscpeptibility (CS) testing and Radio Frequency Susceptibility (RS) testing.

Abstract: RTC/DO-160D, Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment, defines a series of minimum standard environmental test conditions (categories) and applicable test procedures for airborne equipment. The purpose of these tests is to provide a laboratory means of determining the performance characteristics of airborne equipment in environmental conditions representative of those which may be encountered in airborne operation of the equipment. This paper provides an overview of the electromagnetic compatibility requirements in RTCA/DO-160D. Future directions and changes to DO-160D is also discussed from the author's perspective as a member of RTCA/Special Committee 135, which is responsible for producing DO-160D.

Summary: The test levels, requirements, and procedures are intended to reflect the "state-of-the-art" in aviation technology and EMC testing methodology. Since both aviation technology and EMC testing methodology are evolving at a rapid rate, work is continuing on future change notices and a the next revision.

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
20 MHz - 300 MHz	SAS-543	Biconical, High Power, 1000 W
170 MHz - 3 GHz	SAS-570	Double Ridged Guide Horn
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
290 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-510-2	Log Periodic
80 MHz - 4 GHz	SAS-517	Log Periodic Antenna
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	BiLogical
9 kHz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-1B	Active Monopole, Battery Power
9 kHz - 40 MHz	SAS-551	Passive Monopole
20 Hz - 2 MHz	SAS-560	Loop-Emission, per MIL-STD-461

American National Standard Electromagnetic Compatibility

As the voice of the U.S. standards and conformity assessment system, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) empowers its members and constituents to strengthen the U.S. marketplace position in the global economy while helping to assure the safety and health of consumers and the protection of the environment.

Frequency	Model	Antenna Type
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
170 MHz - 3 GHz	SAS-570	Double Ridged Guide Horn
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
190 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-512-2	Log Periodic Antenna
25 MHz - 2 GHz	SAS-521-2	BiLogical
9 kHz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-1B	Active Monopole, Battery Power
25 MHz - 1 MHz	TDS-535-2	Tuned Dipole Antenna Set

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, non-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, with worldwide projection.

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, non-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, with worldwide projection.

Frequency Range	Antenna Model	Antenna Type
25 MHz - 1000 MHz	TDS-535	Tuned Dipole Antenna Set
20 MHz - 330 MHz	SAS-540	Biconical Antenna
290 MHz - 2000 MHz	SAS-510-2	Log Periodic
20 MHz - 2000 MHz	SAS-521-2	Bilogical Antenna
170 MHz - 3 GHz	SAS-570	Double Ridged Guide Horn
700 MHz - 18 GHz	SAS-571	Double Ridged Guide Horn
18 GHz - 40 GHz	SAS-574	Double Ridged Guide Horn
9 kHz - 60 MHz	SAS-550-1B	Active Monopole, Battery Power
1 kHz - 30 MHz	SAS-563B	Active Loop, Battery Power